If
a courtyard resident has set up a store in the courtyard, one of the
other residents can block him by claiming, “I cannot sleep due to the
noise of your customers who go in and out of the courtyard.”
But a courtyard resident may manufacture utensils in his home and go
out and sell them in the marketplace, and one cannot block him by
claiming, “I cannot sleep due to the noise of the hammer,” or “I cannot
sleep due to the noise of the children.”
Why can the children go
in and out, while the customers can't? These are school children coming
to learn Torah. This ruling was taught after Yehoshua ben Gamla, a high
priest, mandated the installation of teachers in every town, and he is
remembered for good for preserving Torah study.